Bank Statement Loan

Bank Statement Loans for Self-Employed Borrowers

Qualify for a California mortgage using 12 or 24 months of personal or business bank statements instead of tax returns. The proven path for self-employed borrowers, freelancers, and 1099 contractors whose returns don't show their real cash flow.

  • ✓ 12 or 24 months of bank statements
  • ✓ Personal or business accounts
  • ✓ No tax returns required
  • ✓ Up to 90% LTV with strong credit
  • ✓ Loan amounts to $4M+

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How Bank Statement Loans Work

The lender calculates qualifying income by averaging deposits from your personal or business bank statements over a 12- or 24-month period. From that average, they apply an expense factor (typically 50% for business accounts or sometimes higher) to estimate net income. That number is what's used to qualify your loan, no Schedule C, no Form 1040, no adjusted gross income calculation.

For high-revenue businesses where the tax return shows minimal taxable income after deductions, the difference between conventional qualifying and bank-statement qualifying can be dramatic. Borrowers who'd be capped at $400K conventionally often qualify for $800K-$1.5M+ on bank statement programs.

Personal vs. Business Bank Statements

Personal bank statements: the lender uses your personal account deposits. Best for sole proprietors who deposit business income directly to personal accounts.

Business bank statements: the lender uses business account deposits and applies an expense factor (typically 50%, sometimes less if you can document a lower true expense ratio with a CPA letter).

Most programs allow either, and we'll run both calculations to see which approach maximizes your qualifying income.

12-Month vs. 24-Month Programs

12-month programs use the most recent year of deposits and are faster to document. They typically require slightly higher credit and reserves.

24-month programs average two years of deposits and are more forgiving on credit, often pricing better because the lender has more data. The right choice depends on whether your business has been growing (12-month favorable) or seasonal/lumpy (24-month smoother).

Typical Bank Statement Loan Terms

Loan amounts from $150K to $4M+. Up to 90% LTV on purchases with strong credit, more commonly 80-85%. Cash-out refi up to 75-80%. Minimum credit usually 660, with the best pricing at 720+. Reserves of 3-12 months PITI depending on loan size and credit. 30-year fixed and interest-only options available.

What You'll Need

12 or 24 months of personal or business bank statements (all pages). A CPA letter confirming you've been self-employed at least 2 years. Standard credit, ID, and property documentation. Optionally, a P&L if it supports stronger qualifying income than the bank statement calculation alone.

Bank Statement Loans, Explained

Qualify on Deposits, Not Tax Returns

Bank statement loans are non-QM mortgage programs designed for self-employed borrowers whose tax returns don't reflect their real cash flow. Instead of using your 1040 to calculate qualifying income, the lender uses your actual business or personal bank deposits over the past 12 or 24 months. After backing out transfers, refunds, and one-time items, an expense factor is applied (commonly 50 percent for business statements, lower for personal), and the remainder becomes your qualifying monthly income.

This is how we qualify business owners, independent contractors, real estate agents, restaurant owners, and other self-employed borrowers who are profitable in real life but show low taxable income after legitimate write-offs. A landscaper grossing $30,000 a month in deposits is a strong borrower, even if her Schedule C shows $80,000 net after equipment, vehicles, and home-office deductions. Bank statement loans translate the real number into qualifying income.

Programs vary by lender. We work with both 12- and 24-month deposit options, and we can typically use personal accounts, business accounts, or a combination. Down payments usually start at 10 to 20 percent depending on credit and loan amount, and rates run roughly 0.75 to 1.75 percent higher than conventional, the cost of qualifying on something other than tax returns. For most self-employed California buyers, that premium is small compared with the chance to actually qualify.

Bank Statement Loan Highlights

  • 12- or 24-month deposit history, business or personal accounts
  • No tax returns, no K-1s, no profit and loss statements required
  • Primary residence, second home, or investment property
  • Available for purchase, rate-and-term refinance, and cash-out
  • Credit scores from 660; best pricing at 720-plus
Common Questions

Bank Statement Loan FAQ

Do I need tax returns at all?

No. Bank statement programs explicitly skip tax returns. The CPA letter substitutes for the business verification.

What expense factor will the lender use?

Typically 50% on business statements, meaning half of deposits count as income. Lower expense factors (down to 10-20%) can be negotiated with a strong CPA letter documenting actual expenses.

Can I mix personal and business accounts?

Some programs allow it. Many require you to choose one approach per loan. We'll run both to maximize qualifying income.

What credit score is required?

Most programs start at 660. Best pricing at 720+.

Are rates much higher than conventional?

Typically 0.5%-1.5% above conventional. The qualifying-income difference usually outweighs the rate premium for self-employed borrowers.

How long does closing take?

21-35 days, similar to conventional. Document collection is the bottleneck, so getting bank statements ready up front speeds things.

Ready to Talk Through Your Scenario?

Every self-employed and investor file is different. A 15-minute call with a real loan officer is the fastest way to find the right program.

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